Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Contributors
About the Editor
Chapter 1 Administration
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
1.3 Application
1.4 Retroactivity
1.5 Equivalency
1.6 Units and Symbols
1.7 New Technology
Chapter 2 Referenced Publications
2.1 General
2.2 NFPA Publications
2.3 Other Publications
2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections
Chapter 3 Definitions
3.1 General
3.2 NFPA Official Definitions
3.3 General Definitions
Chapter 4 General Requirements
4.1 Level of Protection
4.2 Owner’s Certificate
4.3 Classification of Hazard
4.4 Hose Connections
4.5 System Protection Area Limitations
4.6 Water Supply Information
4.7 Additives
4.8 Air, Nitrogen, or Other Approved Gas
4.9 Support of Nonsprinkler System Components
4.10 Noncombustible Materials and Limited-Combustible Materials
Chapter 5 Water Supplies
5.1 General
5.2 Types
Chapter 6 Installation of Underground Piping
6.1 Piping
6.2 Fittings
6.3 Connection of Pipe, Fittings, and Appurtenances
6.4 Protection of Private Fire Service Mains
6.5 Grounding and Bonding
6.6 Restraint
6.7 Steep Grades
6.8 Installation Requirements
6.9 Backfilling
6.10 Testing and Acceptance
Chapter 7 Requirements for System Components and Hardware
7.1 General
7.2 Sprinklers
7.3 Aboveground Pipe and Tube
7.4 Fittings
7.5 Joining of Pipe and Fittings
7.6 Valves
7.7 Waterflow Alarm Devices
7.8 Additives and Coatings
Chapter 8 System Types and Requirements
8.1 Wet Pipe Systems
8.2 Dry Pipe Systems
8.3 Preaction Systems and Deluge Systems
8.4 Combined Dry Pipe and Preaction Systems for Piers, Terminals, and Wharves
8.5 Multi-Cycle Systems
8.6 Antifreeze Systems
8.7 Outside Sprinklers for Protection Against Exposure Fires (Exposure Protection Sprinkler Systems)
8.8 Refrigerated Spaces
8.9 Commercial-Type Cooking Equipment and Ventilation
8.10 Pilot Line Detectors
Chapter 9 Sprinkler Location Requirements
9.1 Basic Requirements
9.2 Allowable Sprinkler Omission Locations
9.3 Special Situations
9.4 Use of Sprinklers
9.5 Position, Location, Spacing, and Use of Sprinklers
Chapter 10 Installation Requirements for Standard Pendent, Upright, and Sidewall Spray Sprinklers
10.1 General
10.2 Standard Pendent and Upright Spray Sprinklers
10.3 Sidewall Standard Spray Sprinklers
Chapter 11 Installation Requirements for Extended Coverage Upright, Pendent, and Sidewall Spray Sprinklers
11.1 General
11.2 Extended Coverage Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers
11.3 Extended Coverage Sidewall Spray Sprinklers
Chapter 12 Installation Requirements for Residential Sprinklers
12.1 General
Chapter 13 Installation Requirements for CMSA Sprinklers
13.1 General
13.2 CMSA Sprinklers
Chapter 14 Installation Requirements for Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers
14.1 General
14.2 Early Suppression Fast-Response Sprinklers
Chapter 15 Installation Requirements for Special Sprinklers
15.1 Open Sprinklers
15.2 Special Sprinklers
15.3 Dry Sprinklers
15.4 Old-Style Sprinklers
Chapter 16 Installation of Piping, Valves, and Appurtenances
16.1 Basic Requirements
16.2 Sprinkler Installation
16.3 Piping Installation
16.4 Protection of Piping
16.5 Protection of Risers Subject to Mechanical Damage
16.6 Provision for Flushing Systems
16.7 Air Venting
16.8 Fitting Installation
16.9 Valves
16.10 Drainage
16.11 System Attachments
16.12 Fire Department Connections
16.13 Gauges
16.14 System Connections
16.15 Hose Connections
16.16 Electrical Bonding and Grounding
16.17 Signs
Chapter 17 Installation Requirements for Hanging and Support of System Piping
17.1 General
17.2 Hanger Components
17.3 Trapeze Hangers
17.4 Installation of Pipe Hangers
17.5 Pipe Stands
Chapter 18 Installation Requirements for Seismic Protection
18.1 Protection of Piping Against Damage Where Subject to Earthquakes
18.2 Flexible Couplings
18.3 Seismic Separation Assembly
18.4 Clearance
18.5 Sway Bracing
18.6 Restraint of Branch Lines
18.7 Hangers and Fasteners Subject to Earthquakes
18.8 Pipe Stands Subject to Earthquakes
Chapter 19 Design Approaches
19.1 General
19.2 General Design Approaches
19.3 Occupancy Hazard Fire Control Approach for Spray Sprinklers
19.4 Special Design Approaches
19.5 Deluge Systems
Chapter 20 General Requirements for Storage
20.1 General
20.2 Protection of Storage
20.3 Classification of Commodities
20.4 Commodity Classes
20.5 Storage Arrangement
20.6 Building Construction and Storage: Heights and Clearance
20.7 Unsprinklered Combustible Concealed Spaces
20.8 Room Design Method
20.9 High-Expansion Foam Systems
20.10 Adjacent Hazards or Design Methods
20.11 Hose Connections
20.12 Hose Stream Allowance and Water Supply Duration
20.13 Discharge Considerations: General
20.14 Protection of Idle Pallets
20.15 Column Protection: Rack Storage and Rubber Tire Storage
Chapter 21 Protection of High Piled Storage Using Control Mode Density Area (CMDA) Sprinklers
21.1 General
21.2 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, Shelf, or Back-to-Back Shelf Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities
21.3 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Palletized, Solid-Piled, Bin Box, Shelf, or Back-to-Back Shelf Storage of Plastic and Rubber Commodities
21.4 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities
21.5 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Racks for Group A Plastic Commodities Stored Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height
21.6 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Rack Storage Rubber Tires
21.7 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Roll Paper Storage
21.8 Special Design for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities and Group A Plastics Stored Up to and Including 25 ft (7.6 m) in Height
21.9 Sprinkler Design Criteria for Storage and Display of Class I Through Class IV Commodities, Cartoned Nonexpanded Group A Plastics and Nonexpanded Exposed Group A Plastics in Retail Stores
21.10 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Baled Cotton Storage
21.11 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Carton Records Storage with Catwalk Access
21.12 Control Mode Density/Area Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Compact Storage of Commodities Consisting of Paper Files, Magazines, Books, and Similar Documents in Folders and Miscellaneous Supplies with No More Than 5 Percent Plastics Up to 8 ft (2.4 m) High
Chapter 22 CMSA Requirements for Storage Applications
22.1 General
22.2 Palletized and Solid-Piled Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities
22.3 Palletized and Solid-Piled Storage of Nonexpanded and Expanded Group A Plastic Commodities
22.4 Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Rack Storage for Class I Through Class IV Commodities
22.5 Single-, Double-, and Multiple-Row Racks of Group A Plastic Commodities
22.6 Rubber Tires
22.7 Roll Paper Storage
Chapter 23 ESFR Requirements for Storage Applications
23.1 General
23.2 ESFR Design Criteria
23.3 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Palletized or Solid-Piled Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities
23.4 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Palletized or Solid-Piled Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities
23.5 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV Commodities
23.6 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Rack Storage of Group A Plastic Commodities
23.7 Protection of Exposed Expanded Group A Plastics
23.8 ESFR Protection of Rack Storage of Rubber Tires
23.9 Early Suppression Fast-Response (ESFR) Sprinklers for Protection of Roll Paper Storage
23.10 Plastic Motor Vehicle Components
23.11 Sprinkler Design Criteria for Storage and Display of Class I Through Class IV Commodities, Cartoned Nonexpanded Group A Plastics and Nonexpanded Exposed Group A Plastics in Retail Stores
23.12 Protection of High Bay Records Storage
23.13 Slatted Shelves
Chapter 24 Alternative Sprinkler System Designs for Chapters 20 Through 25
24.1 General
24.2 Sprinkler Design Criteria for Palletized and Solid-Piled, Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Plastic Commodities
24.3 Sprinkler Protection Criteria for Open-Frame Rack Storage of Class I Through Class IV and Plastic Commodities
24.4 Hose Stream Allowance and Water Supply Duration
24.5 Minimum Obstruction Criteria
Chapter 25 Protection of Rack Storage Using In-Rack Sprinklers
25.1 General Requirements of In-Rack Sprinklers
25.2 Ceiling-Level Sprinkler Design Criteria in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers
25.3 In-Rack Sprinkler Characteristics
25.4 Vertical Spacing and Location of In-Rack Sprinklers
25.5 Horizontal Location and Spacing of In-Rack Sprinklers
25.6 Protection of Racks with Solid Shelves
25.7 Horizontal Barriers in Combination with In-Rack Sprinklers
25.8 Alternative In-Rack Sprinkler Protection Options That Are Independent of the Ceiling Sprinkler Design
25.9 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements in Combination with CMDA Sprinklers at Ceiling Level
25.10 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements in Combination with CMSA Sprinklers at Ceiling Level
25.11 In-Rack Sprinkler Arrangements in Combination with ESFR Sprinklers at Ceiling Level
25.12 Design Criteria for In-Rack Sprinklers in Combination with Ceiling-Level Sprinklers
Chapter 26 Special Occupancy Requirements
26.1 General
26.2 Flammable and Combustible Liquids
26.3 Aerosol Products
26.4 Spray Application Using Flammable or Combustible Materials
26.5 Solvent Extraction Plants
26.6 Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbines
26.7 Nitrate Film
26.8 Laboratories Using Chemicals
26.9 Oxygen-Fuel Gas Systems for Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes
26.10 Acetylene Cylinder Charging Plants
26.11 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code
26.12 Utility LP-Gas Plants
26.13 Production, Storage, and Handling of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
26.14 Protection of Information Technology Equipment
26.15 Standard on Incinerators, and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment
26.16 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces
26.17 Health Care Facilities Code, Class A Hyperbaric Chambers
26.18 Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems
26.19 Motion Picture and Television Production Studio Soundstages, Approved Production Facilities, and Production Locations
26.20 Animal Housing Facilities
26.21 Water Cooling Towers
26.22 Standard for the Construction and Fire Protection of Marine Terminals, Piers, and Wharves
26.23 Semiconductor Fabrication Facilities
26.24 Aircraft Hangars
26.25 Airport Terminal Buildings, Fueling Ramp Drainage, and Loading Walkways
26.26 Aircraft Engine Test Facilities
26.27 Advanced Light Water Reactor Electric Generating Plants
26.28 Light Water Nuclear Power Plants
26.29 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resource Properties — Museums, Libraries, and Places of Worship
26.30 National Electrical Code
26.31 Fire Protection of Telecommunication Facilities
26.32 Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Noncombustible Particulate Solids
26.33 Hypobaric Facilities
26.34 Coal Mines
26.35 Metal/Nonmetal Mining and Metal Mineral Processing Facilities
26.36 Hazardous Materials Code
Chapter 27 Plans and Calculations
27.1 Working Plans
27.2 Hydraulic Calculation Procedures
27.3 Hose Allowance
27.4 Hydraulic Calculation Forms
27.5 Pipe Schedules
Chapter 28 Systems Acceptance
28.1 Approval of Sprinkler Systems and Private Fire Service Mains
28.2 Acceptance Requirements
28.3 Automated Inspection and Testing Devices and Equipment
28.4 Instructions
28.5 Hydraulic Design Information Sign (Hydraulic Data Nameplate)
28.6 General Information Sign
Chapter 29 Existing System Modifications
29.1 General
29.2 Components
29.3 Sprinklers
29.4 Revamping of Pipe Schedule Systems
29.5 Revamping of Hydraulic Design Systems
29.6 System Design
29.7 Testing
Chapter 30 Marine Systems
30.1 General
30.2 System Components, Hardware, and Use
30.3 System Requirements
30.4 Installation Requirements
30.5 Design Approaches
30.6 Plans and Calculations
30.7 Water Supplies
30.8 System Acceptance
30.9 System Instructions and Maintenance
Chapter 31 System Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
31.1 General
Annexes
Annex A Explanatory Material
Annex B Miscellaneous Topics
Annex C Explanation of Test Data and Procedures for Rack Storage
Annex D Sprinkler System Information from the 2018 Edition of the Life Safety Code
Annex E Development of the Design Approach to Conform with ASCE/SEI 7 and Suggested Conversion Factor Adjustments for Locations Outside the United States
Annex F Informational References
Index
2016–2019 Roadmap
Important Notices and Legal Disclaimers